UCAT - Decision Making - Pre Medical School

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Q1: Based on the table, which patient profile is most likely to have Condition B?

Symptom	Condition A	Condition B
Fever	✓
Cough	✓	✓
Rash		✓

Option 1: Fever and cough
Option 2: Cough and rash
Option 3: Fever and rash
Option 4: Rash only

Q2: Which action best respects the patient’s autonomy while ensuring safety?

Option 1: Proceed with transfusion
Option 2: Seek a court order
Option 3: Respect refusal and document
Option 4: Persuade the patient to reconsider

Q3: Which statement must be true?

Condition	Over 60	Diabetes
X	✓
Y		✓
Z

Option 1: All smokers are under 60
Option 2: Some diabetic patients have Condition Y
Option 3: No patients with Condition Z have diabetes
Option 4: All patients over 60 have Condition X

Q4: Which of the following best supports this argument?

Option 1: Obesity rates are rising
Option 2: Sugar taxes reduce consumption
Option 3: Exercise is also important
Option 4: Banning drinks limits freedom

Q5: How many false positives are expected?

Test Result	Condition Present	Condition Absent
Positive	90	180
Negative	10	720

Option 1: 10
Option 2: 80
Option 3: 180
Option 4: 90

Q6: What is the most appropriate action?

Option 1: Prescribe Drug A anyway
Option 2: Switch to Drug C
Option 3: Consult a pharmacist
Option 4: Stop Drug B immediately

Q7: Which statement must be false?

Condition	All Male	Some Over 50	No Hypertension
A	✓
B		✓
C			✓

Option 1: Some patients with Condition B are under 50
Option 2: All patients with Condition A are over 50
Option 3: Some patients with Condition C have hypertension
Option 4: All patients with Condition A are male

Q8: Which of the following most weakens this argument?

Option 1: Mental health issues are rising
Option 2: Funding has already increased recently
Option 3: Access to services is limited
Option 4: Patients report long wait times

Q9: How many false negatives are expected?

Test Outcome	True Cases (200)	False Cases (800)
Positive	180	40
Negative	20	760

Option 1: 10
Option 2: 20
Option 3: 50
Option 4: 80

Q10: What is the most appropriate next step?

Option 1: Discharge the patient
Option 2: Document refusal and notify GP
Option 3: Persuade them to attend
Option 4: Schedule without consent

Q11: What is the most appropriate action?

Option 1: Administer with caution
Option 2: Switch to a non-penicillin antibiotic
Option 3: Monitor for reaction
Option 4: Reduce the dose

Q12: Which of the following most weakens this argument?

Option 1: Some patients may feel pressured
Option 2: Autonomy is a core ethical principle
Option 3: Assisted dying is legal in some countries
Option 4: Terminal illness causes suffering

Q13: How many true positives are expected?

Population	Condition Present	Condition Absent
Total	300	1700
False Positives		255

Option 1: 90
Option 2: 95
Option 3: 100
Option 4: 105

Q14: Which statement must be true?

Population	Condition Present	Condition Absent
Total	300	1700
False Positives		255

Option 1: Some patients with Condition B are over 30
Option 2: All patients with Condition A are under 30
Option 3: No patients with Condition C are female
Option 4: Some patients with Condition C have diabetes

Q15: What is the most appropriate action?

Option 1: Prescribe Drug X with monitoring
Option 2: Switch to Drug Y
Option 3: Reduce the dose of Drug X
Option 4: Delay treatment

Q16: Which of the following most strengthens this argument?

Option 1: Plastic pollution harms ecosystems
Option 2: Some plastics are biodegradable
Option 3: Marine life is resilient
Option 4: Plastic bans reduce consumer choice

Q17: Which statement must be false?

Condition	All Over 65	Some High Cholesterol	No Statins
A	✓
B		✓
C			✓

Option 1: Some patients with Condition B are under 65
Option 2: All patients with Condition A have high cholesterol
Option 3: Some patients with Condition C are prescribed statins
Option 4: All patients with Condition A are over 65

Q18: What is the most appropriate action?

Option 1: Warn the patient and proceed
Option 2: Switch to a non-sedating alternative
Option 3: Prescribe with reduced dose
Option 4: Advise rest after taking

Q19: How many false positives are expected?

Test Result	Condition Present (150)	Condition Absent (850)
Positive	127.5	42.5
Negative	22.5	807.5

Option 1: 42.5
Option 2: 47.5
Option 3: 50
Option 4: 55

Q20: Which of the following most weakens this argument?

Option 1: Smoking rates are already declining
Option 2: Higher taxes reduce consumption
Option 3: Tobacco causes health problems
Option 4: Tax increases fund healthcare

Q21: What is the most appropriate action?

Option 1: Prescribe with caution
Option 2: Switch to a safer alternative
Option 3: Monitor closely
Option 4: Reduce the dose

Q22: Which statement must be false?

Condition	Prescribed Drug Y	Allergic to Drug Y	Takes Drug Y
A	✓		✓
B		✓
C

Option 1: Some patients with Condition B are not allergic to Drug Y
Option 2: All patients with Condition A take Drug Y
Option 3: Some patients with Condition C take Drug Y
Option 4: All patients with Condition B are prescribed Drug Y

Q23: Which of the following most strengthens this argument?

Option 1: Children prefer healthy snacks
Option 2: Obesity rates are rising among children
Option 3: Some schools already restrict snacks
Option 4: Parents support the policy

Q24: What is the most appropriate action?

Test Result	Condition Present (200)	Condition Absent (1300)
Positive	184	156
Negative	16	1144

Option 1: Prescribe with caution
Option 2: Switch to a cardioselective beta-blocker
Option 3: Avoid prescribing beta-blockers
Option 4: Monitor respiratory function

Q25: How many true positives are expected?

Test Result	Condition Present (240)	Condition Absent (960)
Positive	221	115.2
Negative	19	844.8

Option 1: 220
Option 2: 221
Option 3: 225
Option 4: 230

Q26: Which of the following most strengthens this argument?

Option 1: Children sleep better with less screen time
Option 2: Sleep quality is unrelated to screens
Option 3: Parents monitor screen use
Option 4: Some children use screens for homework

Q27: Which statement must be false?

Condition	Treated with Drug Z	Resistant to Drug Z	Receives Drug Z
A	✓		✓
B		✓
C

Option 1: Some patients with Condition B respond to Drug Z
Option 2: All patients with Condition A receive Drug Z
Option 3: Some patients with Condition C receive Drug Z
Option 4: All patients with Condition B are resistant to Drug Z

Q28: What is the most appropriate action?

Option 1: Prescribe with monitoring
Option 2: Switch to a mood-neutral alternative
Option 3: Reduce the dose
Option 4: Ignore psychiatric history

Q29: How many false positives are expected?

Test Result	Condition Present (160)	Condition Absent (640)
Positive	144	96
Negative	16	544

Option 1: 96
Option 2: 102
Option 3: 104
Option 4: 108

Q30: Which of the following most weakens this argument?

Option 1: Antibiotics save lives
Option 2: Resistance is increasing
Option 3: Prescribing is often unnecessary
Option 4: Some infections are self-limiting

Q31: What is the most appropriate action?

Option 1: Prescribe with monitoring
Option 2: Switch to a non-triggering alternative
Option 3: Reduce the dose
Option 4: Ignore migraine history

Q32: Which statement must be false?

Condition	Under 40	Has Asthma
A	✓
B		✓
C

Option 1: Some patients with Condition B do not have asthma
Option 2: All patients with Condition A are under 40
Option 3: Some patients with Condition C are prescribed inhalers
Option 4: All patients with Condition B are prescribed inhalers

Q33: Which of the following most strengthens this argument?

Option 1: Palliative care improves quality of life
Option 2: Hospices are expensive
Option 3: Some patients prefer hospital care
Option 4: Funding is already high

Q34: How many false positives are expected?

Test Result	Condition Present (300)	Condition Absent (1200)
Positive	279	132
Negative	21	1068

Option 1: 133.5
Option 2: 135
Option 3: 138
Option 4: 140

Q35: What is the most appropriate action?

Option 1: Prescribe with monitoring
Option 2: Switch to a glucose-neutral alternative
Option 3: Reduce the dose
Option 4: Ignore diabetic status

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